**Actinobacillus lignieresii** is a species of bacteria that is one of the most studied representatives of the group of anaerobic actinobacteria, which unites obligate anaerobic microorganisms of a cell-free structure. This species was first discovered in 1931 by the German scientist Liniere and named after him - *A. lignieresii*. Since then, new species of this group of bacteria have been discovered. All of them are similar to each other in morphology, cultural properties and physiological manifestations. Most often, these bacteria are the causative agents of a number of human diseases: diseases of newborn children, as well as diseases and infections caused by them.