Femoral Channel

The femoral canal is an anatomical canal in the femur.

The femoral canal is of utmost importance in human anatomy, as it provides protection to the nerve endings and blood vessels that pass through the front of the thigh. The femoral canal consists of four layers: - an outer layer of bone tissue in the shape of a cylinder, parallel to the surface of the femoral canal; - a middle layer of densely lying spongy bones, penetrated by muscles and blood vessels; - internal, thickened layer formed by muscle fibers; - the synovial membrane adjacent to the outer side of the canal - folds of connective tissue. The space between them consists of depressions - bursae containing synovial fluid. The bursa cushions pressure and shock acting on the femur. In some injuries and diseases, the thigh loses elasticity and mobility due to the cessation of nutrition of the synovial bursae.

All muscles crossing the femoral canal are divided into: superficial (long, short and magnus adductor muscles) and deep (middle and medial vastus). The deep muscles protect the femoral canal from pressure from above. But with intense stress on the legs, the load can overcome the protective layer and cause pain, inflammation with possible rupture of the femoral canal with the development of hernias or even paralysis of the legs.

The femoral canal is one of the most important canals in the human body. It is located between the muscles of the thigh and abdominal wall. The femoral canal connects the superior and inferior pudendal veins with the femoral vein and the external iliac vein. It also connects the bladder to the wall of the vagina, gonads, bladder, and rectum. The descending pulmonary artery, a.pudenda externa and lymphatic vessels pass through the femoral canal. The wall of this canal is represented by vessels, nerves, glandular elements and connective tissue. In women, it contains the fallopian tubes, uterus, ovaries with vascular plexuses covering the uterus. In men, the prostate gland is located on the inner surface of the femoral canal.