Surgery General

General surgery

General surgery is a branch of surgery that studies the general principles and principles of the application of surgical methods, regardless of the particular manifestations of individual diseases. Surgical pathology is studied at the intersection of several medical sciences - therapy, immunology, pharmacology, oncology, infectious diseases, anesthesiology. The surgeon’s tasks are timely diagnosis of pathologies and cure of the patient. At the same time, he is faced with problems of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, differential diagnosis, prognosis of development and treatment, rehabilitation. Some of them can be solved by general methods of medicine: the use of chemical or biological means of regulating the process, observation, prevention by promoting a healthy lifestyle. Of particular interest are surgical interventions performed extracorporeally, such as endoscopic heart surgery or organ transplants.

The main goal of general surgery is to improve the health of the body through surgical treatment of chronic diseases that are incurable or that threaten the health and life of the patient. Figuratively speaking: “A doctor is needed to keep human organs working, and not to save them.”

What does a surgeon do? He differs from his colleagues in that: - he performs surgical interventions; - carries out resuscitation of patients; - knows the technique of emergency surgical interventions; - restores the functions of internal organs after severe injuries.

Title: General surgery: basic concepts and methods

***General surgery*** is a section of medical science devoted to the study of the general nature of all surgical problems, regardless of the specific localization, the particularity of a particular surgical disease or the technical performance of a surgical intervention. At the same time, it also involves consideration of the general principles and methods of surgical treatment of various diseases.

General principles of general surgery include: * the concept of mechanical trauma; * identification and substantiation of indications and contraindications for surgical treatment methods; * characteristics of certain types of surgical interventions: general anesthesia, anesthesiology, instruments and equipment, features of surgical techniques; * preparation and management of the patient in the preoperative and postoperative period.

One of the main goals of general surgery is the development and improvement of new treatment methods, as well as improving the quality of life of patients. The basis for achieving these goals is the specialists' knowledge of extensive data obtained from studying the characteristics of diseases, surgical approaches, symptoms and manifestations of various disorders.

When selecting and selecting a specific treatment method, the surgeon must take into account not only the possible surgical options, but also the patient’s condition, the health consequences of the upcoming operation, age, gender, general condition and many other factors.

Overall, general surgery is an important and relevant discipline in modern medicine, allowing doctors to effectively treat various types of diseases using a surgical approach.