Hypopharynx

The hypopharynx is the area of ​​the throat in front of the larynx. It is part of the pharynx, but contains no teeth, uvula, or salivary glands. This area of ​​the larynx is called the hypopharynx because secretions from the vestibule of the orbit and lacrimal glands usually accumulate in it, which are then swallowed or aspirated through the nasopharynx. However, the anterior wall of the hypopharynx contains two wide folds of buccal mucosa, on the lower part of which there are two vocal cords that form the glottis. In cases where there are several folds, the voice becomes hoarse or hoarse. The diaphragm is a raised strip on the anterior wall of the laryngeal part of the palate, behind which in many languages ​​the soft palate is located, opening the passage into the oral cavity, or is absent. Instead, there may be a hyoid bone. In this case, the passage to the lower part of the oral cavity is indicated by the tongue both in the center and to the right and left relative to it. There are two types of hypopharynxes - closed and open. In the first case, there is a transition between the mouth and the middle portion of the hypopharynx and the palate includes its own base, while the soft palate may be absent.

Hypopharyngoplasty: surgical removal of the lower part of the pharynx. Causes and indications Hypopharynxoplasty involves resection of a segment of the pharyngeal body located below the cricoid bone. Indications for surgery are recurrent strictures. Approach to the myrindesmon tendon and cervical lymph nodes. Small incisions to access the lower parts of the pharyngeal canal, removal of the mucous membrane, further re-indexing of areas along the edges of the incision. Deconglomeration of the pharyngeal wall and lower parts of the pharynx by resection of the posterior and middle walls. As for the indications, hypopharynxolaryng, which can be eliminated in this way. However, hypopharyngectomy can also be performed in the presence of mechanical obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract, to create easier access to the cervical esophagus or cardia, and as an alternative procedure for dissection of the thyroid gland. It may also be performed when upper respiratory tract cancer has metastasized to the lower pharynx and posterior esophagus.