Laryngostomy

*Laryngostomy* is a surgical operation in which the patient's throat is inadvertently damaged, resulting in the formation of a permanent hole in the throat, which prevents the larynx from drying out and prolongs the patient's life. Laryngostomy surgery, when performed correctly, can reduce the patient's need to ingest highly concentrated foods and water, often reducing the amount to once or twice a day, along with improving swallowing function and reducing dysphagia. This is due to the fact that after a successful operation the patient becomes able to take in a larger volume of food.

This procedure can be performed from the anterior surface of the larynx or its posterior part using the lateral or cutaneous laryngoscopy technique.

A laryngostomy is an artificial slit-shaped passage that is located on the patient’s neck and connects his pharynx to the environment. This passage allows the patient to fully breathe and eat using a tube that is installed inside the artificial cavity before the procedure begins. It usually takes about 30-90 minutes to complete the entire laryngoplasty process.

The main purpose of laryngotomy is to alleviate the patient’s condition with chronic suffocation. In some cases, it is carried out for diagnostic purposes to determine the causes of the development of laryngitis and laryngotracheitis in children or adults. It can also be performed for emergency reasons when airway obstruction occurs due to respiratory failure. During the operation, the throat is cut, which makes it possible to insert a breathing tube into the trachea without any problems. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia while the person is asleep. The surgeon inserts the tube into the trachea using a special device - a laryngoscope, where it is located, and then connects it to an artificial cavity - a special silicone tube attached to the patient's neck. After the operation is completed, the artificial cavity is sutured to the skin, attaching a special clamp to the patient’s neck for fixation. After this, the patient gradually leaves

**Laryngostomy** is a surgical intervention that involves the creation of an artificial outlet of the larynx in conditions of obstruction of the upper segment of the esophagus. The purpose of this operation is to unload and improve the passage of food in the esophagus, as well as to facilitate breathing in case of laryngeal stricture or polyps.

During laryngotomy, an artificial stomaton is used - a special tube inserted into the lower parts of the larynx, which allows you to separate the mucous membrane of the larynx from the root of the tongue and gives the patient the opportunity to speak through the nasopharynx. Currently, this operation is not very common, it has its disadvantages, therefore it is used for mild forms of obstruction in elderly patients undergoing hospital treatment (where there is always the possibility of timely insertion of a tube); rarely used in outpatient treatment of mild disorders in children.