Leukoencephalitis Periaxial Diffuse

Periaxial diffuse leukoencephalitis: causes, symptoms and treatment

Leukoencephalitis periaxial diffuse (LPD) is a rare disease of the nervous system that is characterized by inflammation of the white matter of the brain. The disease occurs due to autoimmune disorders when the body's immune system begins to attack its own cells. LPD most often occurs in children and young adults aged 10 to 30 years.

The causes of LPD are not yet fully understood, but it is believed that the disease may be associated with infectious diseases such as rubella, chickenpox, influenza, and also with the use of certain medications. Heredity may also play a role in the occurrence of the disease.

The main symptoms of LPD are seizures, impaired coordination of movements, difficulties in speech, changes in character and behavior, headache, decreased visual and auditory function. With prolonged course of the disease, paralysis and disability may develop.

Diagnosis of LPD is based on the clinical manifestations of the disease, the results of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, analysis of cerebrospinal fluid and the study of immunological parameters.

Treatment of LPD includes the use of steroid drugs, immunomodulators, anticonvulsants and anti-inflammatory drugs. In some cases, immunotherapy, plasmapheresis, and surgery may be required.

The prognosis of the disease depends on the degree of damage to the nervous system and the timeliness of treatment. With timely diagnosis and comprehensive treatment, most patients achieve full recovery. However, in some cases, LPD can lead to serious complications and disability.

In conclusion, periaxial diffuse leukoencephalitis is a serious disease of the nervous system that requires complex treatment and monitoring by medical specialists. Early diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment are key to controlling this disease.

Leukoencephalus (Latin leuco “white”, Greek and others εγχαλίζω “to fall”) is a term of Greek origin that defines a condition opposite to cirrhosis - alcoholic or drug-induced - in which brain cells die due to glial dysrapies. With leukoencephalopathy, regeneration processes increase; instead of thinning of the brain tissue, its hypertrophy occurs. The death of brain cells is accompanied by changes in the macrostructure, accompanied by dystrophic and necrotic changes in the substance and brain parenchyma, atrophy of nerve cells, proliferation of glia and necrotizing glomus-giant cell gliosis. One of the clinical manifestations of leukoencephalopathy are paresis, paralysis, symptoms of oral automatism or movement disorders, or epileptiform seizures due to damage to the cerebral cortex