Hello! I have prepared an article on the topic "Acute Leukemia":
Acute leukemia is a malignant tumor of hematopoietic tissue, characterized by the proliferation of immature blood cells. There are acute lymphoblastic and acute myeloid (myeloblastic) leukemia.
Pathogenesis is caused by mutations in blood stem cells, leading to uncontrolled reproduction and accumulation of immature leukocytes in the bone marrow, blood and other organs.
Clinical manifestations: anemia, hemorrhagic syndrome due to thrombocytopenia, enlargement of lymph nodes and internal organs, fever, intoxication.
Diagnosis is based on the detection of blast cells in the bone marrow and blood. Immunophenotyping and cytogenetic research are important to determine the type of leukemia.
Treatment includes chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. The prognosis depends on the type of leukemia, age and the presence of complications. The 5-year survival rate for acute lymphoblastic leukemia is 60-80%, for acute myeloid leukemia - 20-40%.
Key words: acute leukemia, lymphoblastic, myeloid, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis.