Myelopathy Diabetic

Diabetic Myelopathy: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

Diabetic myelopathy (m. diabetica) is a serious complication of diabetes that can have a negative effect on the central nervous system and spinal cord. This condition is characterized by damage to nerve fibers in the spinal cord, leading to various neurological symptoms. In this article we will look at the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of diabetic myelopathy.

Symptoms of diabetic myelopathy can vary depending on the extent of damage to the spinal cord and nerve structures. However, some common symptoms include:

1. Decreased strength and sensation in the extremities
2. Numbness or tingling sensation in the legs and arms
3. Difficulty with coordination and balance
4. Muscle weakness
5. Back and neck pain
6. Problems with urination and intestinal tract

The cause of diabetic myelopathy is the chronic hyperglycemic effect that occurs with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Elevated blood sugar can cause damage to small blood vessels, which can impair the blood supply to the spinal cord and its nerve structures. As a result, inflammation and degeneration of nerve fibers develop.

To diagnose diabetic myelopathy, a doctor may perform the following procedures:

1. Physical examination and analysis of the patient's symptoms
2. Neurological examination to assess spinal cord and nervous system function
3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize the spinal cord and identify possible damage
4. Electromyography (EMG) to evaluate muscle electrical activity and detect nerve damage

Treatment for diabetic myelopathy is aimed at controlling blood glucose levels and reducing inflammation in the spinal cord. Your doctor may recommend the following approaches:

1. Diet and physical activity to control blood sugar levels
2. Use of glucose-lowering drugs or insulin as prescribed by a doctor
3. Use of anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce inflammation in the spinal cord
4. Physical therapy to improve muscle strength and coordination
5. Surgery in rare cases to relieve compression of the spinal cord and restore normal blood flow.

It is important to note that diabetic myelopathy requires a comprehensive approach to the treatment and management of diabetes. Regular medical supervision, following doctor's recommendations and maintaining a healthy lifestyle play an important role in improving the prognosis and reducing the risk of complications.

In conclusion, diabetic myelopathy is a serious complication of diabetes that can lead to significant damage to the nervous system and spinal cord. Early diagnosis and timely treatment play a key role in improving the patient's condition and preventing disease progression. Patients with diabetes should work closely with their doctor and follow recommendations for blood sugar control and diabetes management to prevent the development of diabetic myelopathy and its related complications.