Muscle Compressing the Pharynx, Inferior (M. Constrictor Pharyngis Inferior, Pna, Bna)

The pharyngeal constrictor inferior, also known as the pharyngeal constrictor muscle, is one of the muscles located in the lower part of the pharynx. It plays an important role in the swallowing process as it helps to constrict the pharynx and allow food to pass into the esophagus.

The pharyngeal constrictor muscle consists of two main parts: internal and external. The inner part of the muscle is located inside the pharynx and consists of many small muscle fibers that contract and relax when swallowing. The outer part of the muscle is located on the surface of the pharynx and also consists of small muscle fibers.

The function of the pharyngeal constrictor muscle is to help push food through the pharynx and into the esophagus, which occurs during swallowing. When a person eats, the pharyngeal constrictor muscle contracts, constricting the pharynx and helping food pass through it.

In addition, the pharyngeal constrictor muscle is also involved in maintaining normal breathing. It helps maintain normal pressure in the airways and prevents them from narrowing during inhalation and exhalation.

It is important to note that the pharyngeal constrictor muscle is of great importance for human health. Its dysfunction can lead to various diseases, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), sleep apnea, obesity and others. Therefore, it is important to monitor the condition of this muscle and take measures to strengthen it.

The muscles of the pharynx form its walls. On the posterior wall of the pharynx lies a wide pyramidal triangle, bounded below by the hyoid bone and above by the tongue, which is its component. On the side, the triangle is bounded by the muscle that compresses the pharynx along the subclan. The latter originates from the cartilages of several upper ribs and from the medial crus of the diaphragm. At the top of the muscle is the esophageal opening, at the bottom is the pharyngeal opening; The upper surface of the muscle is equipped on either side of the midline with long, flat muscle fibers that separate this muscle from the other two. The other three pairs of pharyngeal muscles are located on the lateral walls of the pharynx: the lower part of the large oblique muscle of the neck, the lateral part of the constrictor pharynx muscle, and one of the lateral abdominal muscles. The transversalis fascia shares these muscles with all the muscles of the neck located below the border of the chin. The last of them, the rectus capitis minor muscle, originates from the lower jaw at the angle and crosses the back of the pharynx, attaching to its posterior wall, reaches the bottom of the pharynx and is called m. strimus palati inferior. All four muscles are associated with the hyoid bone - a long process of the orani, originate from the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae and the upper third of the thoracic vertebrae and are connected to the pharyngeal muscle bundles.