Tumors of the Parathyroid Glands

Tumors of the parathyroid glands

Tumors of the parathyroid glands are rare. These are usually benign adenomas, sometimes carcinomas. They are characterized by slow development.

Tumors can metastasize to regional lymph nodes, lungs, and liver. The clinical picture is represented by symptoms of hyperparathyroidism associated with increased release of parathyroid hormone. Laboratory studies reveal hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and increased urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorus.

Due to bone resorption, bone pain, deformation, osteoporosis, and fractures occur. Nephrocalcifications are formed, and renal failure subsequently develops. Other manifestations include anorexia, vomiting, neurological disorders, symptoms of pancreatitis, and stomach ulcers.

The diagnosis is established based on a study of the level of parathyroid hormone in the blood, ultrasound and computed tomography data of the parathyroid glands. Treatment is surgical.