Vertebral Region

It is necessary to describe complex anatomical areas, taking into account the mechanisms and processes of their formation, influence on health and pathology, therefore it is important to present individual aspects in the form of systematic reviews, which will provide an overall picture of the complexity and organization of data that will help in the treatment of diseases and planning of surgical interventions. Also, when forming and describing these sections, it is necessary to constantly look back at the resources available in the world and monitor changes in consensus opinions on this issue: often after the massive appearance of publications in international journals, an era of research begins, aimed at refuting these studies, i.e. a critical direction is being formed, which increasingly introduces this section into its orbit [2].

This article is devoted to the definition and characteristics of the vertebral regions. Next, the main diseases associated with the vertebral regions will be considered, their etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostic methods and treatment will be described. In conclusion, the results are summed up and conclusions are drawn about the relevance of this section of anatomy and its significance for clinical practice.

Definitions.

This section discusses the main classifications of vertebral regions in terms of their functions and anatomical structure. The purpose of the review is to provide a systematic overview of the vertebral region, its structure and functions, and to describe the spectrum of various pathologies and diseases associated with it. To achieve this goal, scientific literature sources of the last 20 years were studied and key information was presented at the time of writing.

Anatomically, the vertebral region is a part of the human body lying between the head and pelvis, which provides vertical and horizontal stability of the torso and its mobility. This zone is formed by a number of structures, ranging from the spinal cord, nerve roots, spinal nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, intervertebral discs, muscles and fascia to bones and joints. Below