Disintegration of the Word

Speech decay is an increasing or suddenly appearing disturbance of speech function in a person. This condition leads to a complete loss of the ability to understand speech and pronounce words, while the spontaneous formation of speech is not impaired. As a result of the breakdown of speech, the patient loses the ability to speak and understand most of the words addressed to him. Such a process can have extremely tragic consequences, representing a serious breakdown in communication.

- Sudden loss of speech or acute aphasia usually occurs in patients with focal damage to the cerebral cortex. It occurs due to mechanical damage to the centers of the cerebral cortex responsible for the reproduction and perception of speech. The symptoms of acute speech disorder worsen as the lesion spreads. To eliminate this condition, it is sufficient to correct the receptive and emitative components of the patient’s speech. Treatment tactics are determined by a neurologist, taking into account the main manifestations of the disorder and the causes of its occurrence. When using adequate therapeutic methods, the patient’s recovery abilities after an acute form of speech dysfunction are noticeably increased. But therapy should occur as soon as possible. The longer the phase of disruption of the speech center, the more problematic it is to achieve effective restoration of speech skills. - Chronic aphasia develops with long-term diffuse brain damage due to various diseases. The resources of the nervous system are not enough for the uninterrupted functioning of the speech centers, and therefore qualitative disorders of speech functions arise. Restoring speech with the help of medications or physical therapy is extremely rare, since the patient constantly faces limitations in expressing his thoughts. The course of neurotherapy in most cases is completely unsuccessful. Patients try to use available means of communication, but they are often unable to fully express their thoughts. They can either select a set of words that make life easier, or resort to gestures, facial expressions, and transcription of verbal messages before the text. Normalization of speech function occurs only with the progress of the underlying disease or improvement in the general condition of the body.

Speech decay.

Speech is not just a way of transmitting information, it is an important means of communicating with other people and establishing social connections. When a person acquires a speech disorder, he begins to experience difficulty speaking and understanding others, which can lead to serious consequences in life. Speech decay is an increasing or spontaneous disorder of speech function that leads to a complete inability to use speech (aphasia).

Speech decay can be caused by many reasons, such as head injuries, diseases of the nervous system, cerebrovascular accidents, strokes and other pathological conditions. With such disorders, sign language is primarily impaired, but speech centers throughout the brain are damaged. As a result, there are no thoughts in speech, lack of repetition of important things, and difficulties in controlling the speech process. The victim has difficulty using grammar (impaired sentence formation), loss of words and distortion of their structure. Thus, speech becomes inarticulate, jerky and unproducible. Difficulties arise in reproducing complex words, when reading, writing and perceiving oral speech.

With a speech disorder, information is not fully captured, which causes misunderstanding.

- The speaker hears sounds and understands that he is trying to express his thought, but is not able to transform this flow of information into words and their combinations that are understandable to others. - A healthy person has a high ability to process information in a fraction of a second. We can understand and appreciate the meaning of a story told or a joke told in a matter of moments. With speech disorders, this ability is lost. The process of converting information from audible speech into concepts and then into spoken instructions can take much longer! Speech is an intense activity that requires great concentration. Therefore, each gesture or word sent to the listener requires quite a lot of time to achieve the goal. When spoken words are read like telegraph messages, we hear short fragments recognizable by individual letters or syllables. Our attention goes to the sounds themselves, often ignoring what we want to focus our attention on (a request made to us to say a certain word, an unfamiliar voice heard, or the movement of the lips of a speaker). In addition, it is very difficult to sort and extract information from a stream of speech data. We usually avoid communicating with a person with complex speech because he has difficulty communicating information. It is often difficult for a patient to explain a word whose meaning he has, since speech affects his periphery, and not the center of thinking. Therefore, only a thorough training program can restore speech and mental function. Special classes are needed aimed at developing other types of thinking and the functioning of speech substitution mechanisms in patients with speech disorders. The development of internal motives is important for the formation of a connection with the social environment of patients suffering from aphasia. In general, the goal is the complete restoration of speech abilities within normal limits for a better understanding of the world.

Often, the physical side comes first for participants and society; they are more likely to pay attention to the appearance of the speaker than to the content of his speech. They do not perceive the personality of the speaker as the problem they are talking about.

Like any disease, speech disorder has its own etiology (cause) and pathogenesis (mechanism of development). But the causes of this disease - mental disorders, pathological changes in the brain, as well as head injuries - affect the weakest people - they are more likely to have pathologies of the nervous system, internal organs, and poorly developed muscles. Injuries and congenital abnormalities of the brain affect speech ability the more strongly, the more often the brain works under heavy loads. And the process in which the cerebral hemispheres are involved is especially sensitive to various pathologies. If it is impaired, the person begins to experience difficulties with speech.

The decay of speech as an evolutionary phenomenon has been known since ancient times. It was often in those times that the first glimmers of intolerance towards the dissimilar opinions of others arose, the division of society into social classes appeared, and a clash of religious beliefs began.