Corneal refraction

Corneal refraction or corneal refraction occurs due to the heterogeneity of the structure and shape of the eye tissues. It allows the eye to perceive information about the environment. This text will discuss the anatomy and physiology of the cornea, as well as an explanation of the causes of refractive error of the eye - astigmatism.

Why is the pupil needed? The pupil is an opening in the iris of the eye that allows light to pass further into the chambers of the eye and into the central region of the retina. It has a round shape with dimensions of about 4 mm in diameter. The pupil has the ability to contract and dilate, adjusting the amount of light entering depending on the brightness of the light.

Why is the eye shape not ideal? The shape of the human eye is slightly asymmetrical, causing irregularly shaped surfaces to touch the cornea. Because they have different shapes and constantly change under the influence of light, they allow the eye to adapt to different lighting conditions through refractive mechanisms. Thus, the normal refraction of the eye is formed under the influence of many factors: the angle of curvature of the cornea. These features of the reflex reaction of the eye allow the eyes to see not only what is in front of them, but also what is behind them. In this case, light of a brighter color is refracted more strongly than light of a less bright color, thus reflecting the image of the object. Each of these components of the eye is important in order for the eye to look in the correct direction.