Retinoblastoma (Retinoblastoma)

Retinoblastoma is a rare type of malignant tumor that develops in the retina of the eye in infants. Although this is a rare disease, it can have serious consequences if not diagnosed and treated promptly.

Symptoms of retinoblastoma may include a white or pink reflective glare in a child's eye when photographed with a flash, squinting, changes in pupil size, decreased vision, or red eyes that do not go away with sleep or rest. If you suspect retinoblastoma, you should consult your doctor immediately.

Retinoblastoma can be diagnosed through a physical examination of the eyes and special tests such as ultrasound, fluorescein angiography, and magnetic resonance imaging. If retinoblastoma is confirmed, then additional studies can determine the stage of the disease and choose an effective treatment method.

Treatment for retinoblastoma may include surgical removal of the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these methods. Treatment is selected individually for each patient, depending on the stage of the disease and other factors.

The overall prognosis for patients with retinoblastoma depends on the stage of the disease, the patient's age, the size and location of the tumor, and whether treatment was successful. With prompt medical attention and proper treatment, many patients with retinoblastoma can make a full recovery.

In conclusion, retinoblastoma is a serious disease that can have serious consequences. If you suspect retinoblastoma, it is important to see your doctor for diagnosis and treatment. Early detection and treatment can improve the prognosis and help the patient recover.

Retinoblastoma is a rare malignant tumor of the retina that develops primarily in infants. This tumor comes from the cells in the retina responsible for sensing light.

Retinoblastoma usually affects children under 3 years of age. Most often diagnosed at the age of 2 years. Boys and girls get sick equally often. Every year, about 9,000 new cases of this disease are detected worldwide.

The causes of retinoblastoma are not completely clear. In most cases, there are genetic mutations that lead to uncontrolled division of retinal cells. In some patients, the disease develops against the background of familial forms of cancer.

Main symptoms of retinoblastoma:

1. clouding of the pupil (leukocoria)

2. strabismus

3. decreased vision

Diagnosis is based on ophthalmoscopy, ultrasound, CT and MRI of the orbit.

Treatment depends on the stage and extent of the tumor process. In the early stages, local methods are used - cryodestruction, laser coagulation, brachytherapy. For common forms, chemotherapy and removal of the eye (enucleation) are necessary.

With timely diagnosis and adequate treatment, the prognosis is favorable. Survival rates in developed countries reach 90%. However, the disease often recurs, so after treatment, follow-up is required.

**Retinoblastoma** is a rare type of retinal tumor that develops in young children. This disease represents a difficult problem for treatment, since it is necessary to quickly and accurately determine the degree of its development and choose effective treatment tactics.

*Retinoblatoma* is caused by abnormal growth of immature retinal cells and can be very