Trophectoderm

Trofectoderm is a layer of cells that is located on the surface of developing embryonic cells and provides them with nutrition and protection. This layer of cells is also known as the trophic membrane or trophic cells.

Trofectoderms are formed during gastrulation in the embryo. Gastrulation is the process by which a blastocyst transforms into a multicellular organism. During gastrulation, blastocyst cells divide and form two layers of cells: ectoderm and endoderm. The ectoderm then begins to move outward, forming a layer of cells called the trophectoderm.

This layer of cells plays an important role in the development of the embryo. It provides nutrition to developing cells and protects them from damage. In addition, the trophectoderm can interact with the environment, allowing the embryo to obtain nutrients and hormones from the external environment.

Examples of trophectoderms are the placenta in mammals and the yolk sac in birds. In these cases, trophectoderms ensure the development of the embryo and provide its nutrition.

Thus, the trophectoderm is an important element in the development of the embryo, providing its nutrition and protection from damage.