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The portal vein, or porta vein (lat. vena portae), is one of the large venous collectors in the human body, which carries blood from internal organs and tissues to the heart. It is one of the components of the portal vein system.

The portal vein is a large venous vessel that begins at the level of the tenth thoracic vertebra and ends at the base of the liver. Its length can reach 10-12 cm, and its diameter can range from 1 to 2.5 cm.

The portal vein is one of the most important venous collectors in the body, as it carries blood from many internal organs and systems to the liver. Through this vein, blood from the intestines, stomach, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands and other organs enters the liver.

In addition, the portal vein plays an important role in metabolism and metabolism, since the liver metabolizes proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as well as the production of certain hormones. This means that changes in the functioning of the portal vein can affect the functioning of the body as a whole.

It is also worth noting that the portal vein is of great importance for the human immune system. The processes of hematopoiesis and immune response to various antigens that enter the body with food or air occur in the liver. Therefore, disturbances in the functioning of the vein can lead to various diseases of the liver and immune system.

Thus, the portal vein is an important element of the human venous system and plays a significant role in the body. Its disturbances can lead to various diseases and health problems, so it is important to monitor its condition and prevent its damage.