Y-Chromatin

Chromatin (from the Greek χρῶμα - color and ματίνω - cook) is a nucleoprotein, the main component of which is DNA. It is found in animals and plants, as well as microorganisms. Chromatin consists of two DNA molecules and some additional proteins. DNA acts as a carrier of genetic information of living organisms. In chromosomes, the position of the threads is determined by the three-four-helical structure of the DNA molecule with proteins that regulate the active state of this molecule. Chromosomes contain several genes. The resulting chromosomes have a heterogeneous histochemical and morphological structure and are divided into visible - metaphase and interphase - and invisible - prophase, patindent and telophase. The most interesting are the metaphase and patindent chromosomes. Telophase chromosomes are the oldest, shortest and least coiled. The shape of telophase chromosomes remains unchanged - spherical. Sometimes one chromosome divides the body of another and then this part forms patindental chromonosis. Interphase cells often have large chromosomes (megachromatic), the size of which significantly exceeds the size of the diploid