Hammer (Malleus, Hammer)

The malleus is an important part of the middle ear and plays an important role in transmitting sound waves to the brain. It is a hammer-like bone that is located at the front of the middle ear and connects to other bones. The malleus is attached to the eardrum and has the function of transmitting sound waves from the eardrum to the cochlea.

The hammer consists of two parts: the head and the neck. The head of the malleus consists of three parts: the body, the base and the apex. The base and apex are connected to each other by a neck. The body of the malleus is shaped like a hammer and is located in the front of the ear. The base of the malleus is attached to the eardrum, and the apex is connected to the head of the incus.

In the process of transmitting sound waves, the hammer vibrates under the influence of sound waves that are transmitted from the eardrum to the hammer. The hammer then transmits these vibrations to the incus, which is located at the back of the ear. The anvil transmits vibrations to the stapes, which is located in the pyramid of the temporal bone. The stirrup transmits vibrations to the oval window, which is located in the pyramid.

Thus, the malleus plays an important role in transmitting sounds from the eardrum to the brain, which allows us to hear the sounds of the world around us. If the hammer is damaged or does not function properly, it can cause hearing loss.

The malleus is one of the three bones of the middle ear (the other two are the incus and stapes), which is shaped like a hammer and connects to the other bones. It is located in the pyramids of the temporal bones and serves to transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the oval window.

The malleus is hammer-shaped and consists of two parts: the head and the neck. The head of the malleus is connected to the eardrum, and the neck is connected to the incus and stapes. The malleus is one of the largest bones of the middle ear and plays an important role in the transmission of sound vibrations.

Normally, the hammer should be smooth and undamaged. However, with some medical conditions, such as otitis media or hearing loss, the malleus may become damaged or deformed. This can lead to decreased hearing quality and poor transmission of sound signals.

To diagnose middle ear diseases and the condition of the hammer, various research methods are used, such as audiometry, tympanometry and computed tomography. Treatment may include medications, physical therapy, or surgery.

Thus, the malleus is an important bone of the middle ear, which plays a key role in the transmission of sounds and can be damaged by various diseases. To diagnose and treat middle ear diseases, you must consult an otolaryngologist.

Hammer Anatomy The malleus is the hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear. It is located between the incus and consists of a head, neck and tail. Normally, it can be deflected to the side or rotated around its axis. Very often it is rotated counterclockwise compared to its normal position. The hammer serves to transmit sound vibrations from the membrane of the oval window to the middle ear. The mastoid process is the attachment site of the stapedius tendon, the antagonist of which is the sternal joint. Reinforced with bone cups, it has elasticity and strength and serves as a limiter for the mobility of the malleus. The lobe can be subject to inflammatory diseases (from phlegmon to tumors), among which the most common are otitis externa and tumors of the vestibular apparatus. The lobe is constantly in contact with the infected environment of the external auditory canal, so its diseases are mainly purulent in nature. Unfortunately, not many people are interested in this organ and very little information has been written about it. Meanwhile, its normal operation directly affects the quality of hearing!

Diseases of the earlobe Otitis media - occurs as a result of infection entering through the Eustachian tube. It is also possible to develop otitis media with acute inflammation of the ear canal. The inflammatory process can develop against the background of tumors already existing in the ear lobe, but it can also occur in a completely healthy person (this is most often observed in children). If there is even the slightest scratch on the lobe, any changes in this area will be noticeable to the naked eye even without the use of medical devices. Symptoms of otitis media include pain in the ear, the presence of discharge of varying consistency, and decreased hearing acuity.

If a person has low immunity, then his ear will be very susceptible to various infections. Timely and thorough treatment of otitis media is very important; this is the only way to avoid the development of complications. It should also be remembered that purulent inflammation quickly spreads to nearby structures, for example, the mastoid process. Usually it must be removed along with part of the lobe.