Mastoid-

Mastoid is an anatomical term that describes the mastoid process. This is a small bony protrusion on the outer surface of the skull that is located behind the ear. The mastoid process is an important part of the middle ear, as it contains the cavity where the eardrum and auditory ossicles are located.

The mastoid is part of the cranium and has the shape of a cone. It consists of several layers of bone tissue that form its structure. Inside the mastoid process are blood vessels and nerves, as well as the auditory ossicles, which transmit sound waves from the external environment to the inner ear.

The mastoid process is located on the back surface of the head and has a connection with the external environment through the auditory canal. The ear canal is a narrow canal that leads from the outer ear to the middle ear cavity. The mastoid processes serve to protect the ear canal from external influences such as infections and trauma.

In addition, the mastoid plays an important role in the development of hearing. During the period of intrauterine development of the fetus, mastoid processes contribute to the formation and development of the auditory ossicles and hearing aid. Mastoids can also be affected by infections, which can lead to hearing loss.

In general, the mastoid is an important anatomical element that plays an important role in many processes related to hearing and development of the body.

Mastoiditis is an infectious inflammation of the mastoid process (ear). The causative agents are staphylococcus, streptococcus and other bacteria. Otitis is an inflammation of the paranasal sinuses (not the ear). During the course of the disease, pus forms in the air passages