Apo-Carbamazepine

Country of origin: Canada, Apotex/Pharmavid Russia, Vector-Pharm Russia
Pharm-Group: Anticonvulsants - iminostilbenes

Manufacturers: Apotex Inc (Canada), Apotex/Farmavid (Russia), Vector-Farm (Russia)
International name: Carbamazepine
Synonyms: Actinerval, Gen-Karpaz, Zagretol, Zeptol, Carbadak, Carbalepsin retard, Carbamazepine, Carbamazepine Nycomed, Carbamazepine Rivo, Carbamazepine-Akri, Carbamazepine-Teva, Carbamazepine-Pharmacia-AD, Carbapin, Karbasan, Karbasan retard, Carbatol, Carzepin- 200, Maz
Dosage forms: tablets 200 mg
Composition: Active substance - carbamazepine.

Indications for use: Epilepsy (excluding petit mal), manic states, prevention of manic-depressive disorders, alcohol withdrawal, trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, atrioventricular block, history of myelosuppression or acute porphyria, pregnancy (first trimester).

Side effects: Dizziness, headache, hallucinations, agitation, depression, aggressive behavior, activation of psychosis, diplopia, accommodation disturbances, lens clouding, nystagmus, conjunctivitis, tinnitus, changes in taste, speech disorders, abnormal involuntary movements, peripheral neuritis, paresthesia, muscle weakness and symptoms of paresis, atrioventricular block, congestive heart failure, hyper- or hypotension, thromboembolism, increased levels of liver enzymes, jaundice, hepatitis, renal dysfunction, interstitial nephritis, nausea, vomiting, osteomalacia, sexual dysfunction, hyponatremia, moderate leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hematopoietic disorders, multiorgan delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, exfoliative dermatitis, lupus-like syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Lyell syndrome, anaphylactic reactions.

Interaction: Incompatible with MAO inhibitors. Increases the hepatotoxicity of isoniazid. Reduces the effects of anticoagulants, anticonvulsants (hydantoin derivatives or succinimides), barbiturates, clonazepam, primidone, valproic acid. Phenothiazines, pimozide, thioxanthenes increase central nervous system depression cimetidine, clarithromycin, diltiazem, verapamil, erythromycin, propoxyphene increase the risk of toxic effects (reduce metabolism). Reduces the activity of corticosteroids, estrogens and estrogen-containing oral contraceptives, quinidine, cardiac glycosides. The risk of osteogenesis disorders increases with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.

Overdose: Symptoms: disorientation, hallucinations and coma, drowsiness, agitation, blurred vision, dysarthria, nystagmus, ataxia, dyskinesia, hyper-/hyporeflexia, convulsions, myoclonus, hypothermia respiratory depression, pulmonary edema tachycardia, hypo-/hypertension, acute kidney injury.

Special instructions: Before starting and during therapy, regular blood and urine tests and monitoring of liver function indicators are recommended. Prescribe with caution if there is a history of heart, liver or kidney diseases, hematological disorders, increased intraocular pressure, inadequate response to external stimuli, agitation, latent psychoses, diseases characterized by mixed convulsions, in old age, drivers of vehicles and persons operating the machinery. Treatment should not be stopped suddenly. Women are advised to take additional folic acid (before or during pregnancy) In order to prevent increased bleeding in the last weeks of pregnancy and in newborns, vitamin K can be used.

Literature: Encyclopedia l