Arterial Hypotension, Vascular Insufficiency Chronic

Characterized by systolic pressure below 100 mmHg. Art., diastolic pressure - below 60 mm Hg.

There are primary and secondary arterial hypotension. Primary, or essential, hypotension manifests itself in 2 variants: a) as a constitutional-hereditary setting for the regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure, which does not go beyond physiological limits (“physiological hypotension”); b) as a chronic disease with typical symptoms: weakness, dizziness, increased fatigue, headache, drowsiness, lethargy, tendency to orthostatic reactions, fainting, motion sickness, increased thermo- and barosensitivity (“neurocirculatory asthenia”).

Secondary arterial hypotension is observed in some infectious diseases, Addison's disease, peptic ulcer, myxedema, anemia, hypoglycemia, acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, under the influence of drugs, etc.

Treatment of hypotensive conditions is aimed at eliminating the cause and the main pathogenetic factor, or it is limited to the use of tonics, vasopressors, adding table salt to food, drinking coffee, strong tea; physical exercise is beneficial.