The ascending palatine artery is a paired artery of the neck, which passes through the pharynx and forms an arch in the region of the alveolar process of the upper jaw. It originates at the transverse fissure at the base of the brain, near the sella turcica, and passes by the anterioinferior portion of the inferior petrosal sinus. The palatine descending, superior pharyngeal and posterior retropharyngeal arteries are connected to each other by a fan of the anterior pharyngeal muscles. The isthmus of the cervical artery is located in the area of the arch of the lower palate at the entrance to the pharynx.
An important function of the nasal artery is to supply blood to the lower air-bearing structures, which include the lacrimal bone, soft palate, palate and auditory tube. It also carries blood to the skin and soft tissues of the face, mouth, tongue and pharynx.
There are two main functions of the ascending palatal artery: supplying blood to the intraocular and intraorbital muscles and the arteries of the soft and hard palate. The blood supply to the teeth and gums occurs through the masticatory artery, parageatal artery and a branch of the upper row of arteries. In addition, this artery also supplies the inner ear, parotid gland and bilingual nerve.
One of the important functions of the arterial