Artificial respiration

Artificial respiration is the technique by which air is artificially ventilated into the lungs. The need for artificial respiration arises in cases where breathing is absent or impaired to such an extent that it threatens the patient’s life. Artificial respiration is an emergency first aid measure for drowning, suffocation, electric shock, heat and sunstroke, and some poisonings. In case of clinical death, that is, in the absence of spontaneous breathing and heartbeat, artificial respiration is carried out simultaneously with cardiac massage.

The duration of artificial respiration depends on the severity of respiratory disorders. It should continue until independent breathing is completely restored. If obvious signs of death appear (cadaveric spots, rigor), artificial respiration should be stopped.

Before starting artificial respiration, it is necessary to clear the victim’s mouth and nose of saliva, mucus, vomit, and soil. The victim's chest, abdomen and limbs are freed from anything that may hinder their movements. Since artificial respiration may also require cardiac massage, the victim or patient must be laid on some flat hard surface: the ground, floor, hard bench, wooden shield.

A cushion of some material, clothing, pillow, etc. is placed under the victim’s shoulders. To carry out mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, stand at the head of the victim and tilt his head back, while the victim’s chin is raised as much as possible and the mouth is opened. If the victim's jaws are tightly clenched, then the index fingers take the corners of the lower jaw and, resting the thumbs on the upper jaw, push the lower jaw forward.

Holding it in this position, they move their fingers to the chin and, pulling it down, open the victim’s mouth. Use one hand to hold the victim’s head in a tilted position, and pinch his nose with two fingers. Take a deep breath, place your mouth tightly through the handkerchief to the victim’s mouth and exhale vigorously, blowing air into his mouth. After inhaling, the person providing assistance removes his or her mouth from the victim’s mouth. The victim's chest collapses and exhalation occurs. Insufflation of air is repeated rhythmically at the normal breathing rate.

With the mouth-to-nose artificial respiration method, with one hand lying on the crown of the victim, they hold his head back, and with the other they raise the jaw and close the mouth. Take a deep breath and, covering the victim’s nose with your lips through a handkerchief, blow air into it. If during exhalation the victim’s lungs do not collapse enough, then the mouth is opened slightly for this time.

It should be taken into account that the air exhaled by a person contains a sufficient amount of oxygen to ensure the life of the victim. These methods of artificial respiration are the simplest and are available in any environment. All manual methods of artificial respiration (Sylvester, Schaefer, Howard, etc.) are less effective and sometimes dangerous compared to those described above.

When performing artificial respiration by emergency medical personnel, during mine rescue operations, and in hospital conditions, special artificial respiration devices are usually used. There are many systems of such devices, but they are all based on the injection of oxygen or air into the respiratory tract of the affected person, and the regulation of the amount of incoming air, as well as the change in the phases of inhalation and exhalation, is carried out automatically.

There are also artificial respiration devices that completely isolate the victim from the surrounding air; they are used when providing assistance in a poisoned atmosphere, for example, during mine rescue operations. Special devices are used to administer anesthesia during surgical operations; with the help of these devices, so-called controlled breathing is carried out.

Introduction:

Artificial respiration is a technique that allows you to maintain the life of a person who cannot breathe on his own. This is especially important in severe cases of asthma, pneumonia, burns and other diseases that can stop breathing.

Description of the procedure:

The artificial respiration procedure begins with checking whether the person is conscious. Then, at the first stage, the assistant closes the person’s mouth with his own and takes several breaths. In the second step, the assistant puts on a mask to protect himself from the exhaled gas and inserts his mouth into the patient's mouth. The assistant begins to exhale air into the patient’s mouth, and he, in turn, inhales. This procedure is repeated several times until the patient begins to breathe on his own.

Goals of the procedure: - Preventing respiratory arrest and providing oxygen to the body. - Maximum saturation of blood with oxygen and saturation of organs with carbon dioxide.

Benefits of the procedure:

1. Quick and effective start of the circulatory system. 2. Acceleration of the process of restoration of the lungs and blood circulation.