Bronchi

Bronchi: structure and functions

Bronchi are tubes that are formed as a result of bifurcation of the trachea and serve to transport air to the lungs. They play an important role in the respiratory system, ensuring the delivery of oxygen to the body and the removal of carbon dioxide.

Structure of the bronchi

The main bronchi begin from the bifurcation of the trachea in the larynx and then branch into small bronchi, which go to the various lobes of the lungs. The bronchi that penetrate the lobes of the lungs are called lobar bronchi. There are three of them in the right lung, and two in the left. Further, the lobar bronchi continue to branch and narrow, dividing into segmental bronchi, which in turn turn into bronchioles. Bronchioles are tubes less than 1 mm in diameter that distribute oxygen through their endings, the pulmonary alveoli.

Functions of the bronchi

The main function of the bronchi is to transport air to the lungs. The bronchi help the body receive the necessary amount of oxygen and remove carbon dioxide, which is formed during the metabolic process. When you inhale, air passes through the nose or mouth and then passes through the trachea into the bronchi, which carry the air to the lungs. In the lungs, oxygen passes into the blood, and carbon dioxide is released from the blood and exhaled through the bronchi.

In addition, the bronchi play an important role in protecting the lungs from various particles and microorganisms. The bronchi have vibrating cilia and secrete mucus that trap and remove harmful particles such as dust, bacteria and viruses.

In conclusion, the bronchi are an important part of the respiratory system that transports air to the lungs and protects them from harmful particles and microorganisms. Knowledge of the structure and functions of the bronchi helps to understand how the respiratory system works and how to maintain it in a healthy state.