Diplobacteria

Diplobacteria are gram-positive coccobacillary bacteria that form nonmotile diploid cells. These include species of the genera: Diplococcus, Diplobacillus, Diplococcus.

Diplobacteria are obligate anaerobes, i.e. grow only in an oxygen-free environment. They belong to the family Streptococcaceae, genus Diplococcus, which includes about 30 species.

Diplobacter cells have the shape of rods measuring 1-2 microns in length and 0.2-0.5 microns in width. They are immobile and do not form spores.

The main source of diplobacteria in nature is soil, where they live in association with other microorganisms. However, in some cases, they can cause diseases in humans and animals.

The most famous representative of diplobacteria is Diplococcus pneumoniae. It is the causative agent of pneumonia and other respiratory diseases. It can also cause meningitis, sepsis and other infections.

Another representative of diplobacteria, Diplococcus coccae, is the causative agent of abscesses and gangrene.

Antibiotics are used to treat diseases caused by diplobacteria. However, before starting treatment, it is necessary to conduct a bacteriological analysis to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics.

In general, diplobacteria are an important element of the microflora of humans and animals, but under certain conditions they can cause serious diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to follow the rules of hygiene and disease prevention to avoid contact with these bacteria.

Diplobacteria (lat. Diplococcus) are a type of spherical bacteria, non-sporulating, gram-negative, oxidase-negative. From the group of cocci (together with some streptococci and peptostreptococci, they form the family of alpha-hemolytic streptococci).

Diplobacteria are small multicellular bacteria, they belong to the class of large round bacteria. The size of diplobacteria can vary from 0.25 to 1 micron. The name "diplobacter" comes from the ancient Greek word "diplos", which translates as "double", while the word "bacteria" comes from the Latin language and refers to "greblicules". These bacteria were known back in 1877. Bacteria such as Brevibacterium and Mycobacterium were included in the phylum Diplococcus in the early 20th century. Diplobacillus beroicus was first described in 1906. The same species was then named after its author: Mycobacterium chryseum. It was only in the 20s of the 20th century that various species belonging to this taxonomic group were identified, such as Actinomadura, Bergeyella, Diplorickettsia, Gordona, Kurthia, Nocardia, Propionibacterium, Rhodococcus. In the middle of the 20th century, bacteria of the genus Mycobacterium were actively studied by chemists. During this time, many compounds produced by these bacteria were discovered. Already in the 60s, bacteria capable of producing antibiotics were identified. These bacteria are one of the main sources of antibiotics.

More than 40 species of diplobacter Klebsiella can be identified. Bacteria do not undergo significant evolution within the species spectrum. Previously they were called spirochetes, but in recent decades there has been a consensus that Diplobacteriae are Streptophyta. This is due to the fact that these bacteria do not have a clearly defined nucleolus.