Discoblastula

Discoblastula are a special type of blastula that are formed as a result of cell division and the formation of a discoidal structure inside the egg. They are found in many species of animals and plants, including humans.

Discoblastulas are formed after the egg divides into two daughter cells - the first and second blastomeres. These cells begin to divide and form a discoblastula, which is a disc-shaped structure with a center and a periphery. Further cell division occurs inside the discoblastula, which leads to the formation of an embryo.

There are several types of discoblastulas depending on their shape and size. For example, in humans the discoblastula is round in shape, but in some fish it can be more complex and have several layers.

The formation of a discoblastula is an important stage in the development of the embryo, since it provides the conditions for further cell growth and development. However, if discoblastula does not develop properly, it can lead to various pathologies and diseases.

Discoblastulae are single-layer germ cells that form in the early stages of development of single- and multicellular organisms, as well as in some invertebrates. They are also called disomic, binary and bipolar germ cells. Discoblasts develop from the protomers of the blast cell body. Binary or bipolarity of the disc, on the contrary, has no relation to the morphology of the germ cell. Discoblastular fission is a spawning or reproducing process that occurs as a result of the cleavage or division of a blast cell into two separate daughter cells. This occurs before the separation of new progenitor cells and during gastrulation. The process of discoblast induction includes several stages determined by the activity of proto-oncogene subtypes of the WNT/Wingless subtype, several transcription factors and a number of other regulators. Views on these events are developed and expanded in the book by Penny and Schlucker. In discoblastic embryos, the ratio of diameter to volume is about 1 to 4, respectively, which in appearance resembles a bowl of soup. Several germ cells are formed from the disc in rudimentary form. In both animals, sessile marine