Encephalocele

Encephalocele: what is it and what are its causes?

Encephalocele is a serious disease that is associated with defects in the development of the neural tube in the embryo. As a result of this defect, part of the brain may protrude outside the skull in the form of a bubble that is filled with fluid. This condition can lead to various health problems such as developmental delays, visual impairment, hearing impairment, motor coordination problems and other serious complications.

The causes of encephalocele are not fully understood, but it is thought to be due to genetic factors, environmental issues, and certain infections that a woman may get during pregnancy.

Symptoms of an encephalocele may vary depending on which part of the brain protrudes beyond the skull. Some children may only have a small protruding area of ​​the brain that does not cause serious problems. Other children may experience more serious complications, such as seizures, breathing problems, and various vision and hearing problems.

Diagnosis of encephalocele involves examining the child, as well as additional tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). These methods allow doctors to see how much of the brain extends beyond the skull and determine the severity of the disease.

Treatment for encephalocele depends on the specific situation, but usually involves surgery to restore normal anatomy of the brain and skull. In some cases, additional therapy may be needed, such as treatment for seizures or therapy to improve vision or hearing.

Overall, encephalocele is a serious condition that can lead to serious health problems. However, with proper diagnosis and timely treatment, a child's condition can be improved and given the best chance for a healthy future.

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Infants and children often experience various malformations of the brain and bone structures of the skull. One of these defects is encephalocelia, which is characterized by the presence of fragments of brain tissue covered with skin and located in the cavity of the skull - the so-called meningoencephalic cysts. There are complete encephalocelies, in which the entire brain is covered with skin and extends beyond the bones of the skull, and partial encephalocelies, when the contents of the cyst are localized only in certain areas. More detailed studies of the disease show that it most often affects the lumbar and cervical regions of the head. Such pathologies are treated by a neurosurgeon.