**Harley's disease** is an acute polymorphic dermatological disease characterized by maculopapular and less commonly plaque, papulosquamous, bullous or erythrodermic rash, reminiscent of primary syphilitic roseola, as well as extensive damage to the mucous membranes. The disease was named after the English physician from Manchester, George William Harleyer (circa 1807–1861), who first described it. **Pathogenesis and pathomorphology:** According to the Russian Society of Dermatovenerologists in 2017, viral infection is an etiological factor in 50-70% of cases, in other cases, infection with the herpes simplex virus, generalized candidiasis, herpetic infection, myco