Gingival Branches Mandibular

Gingival branches of the mandibular: anatomy and functions

The mandibular gingival branches (rami gingivales mandibulares, JNA) are nerve branches that provide sensitivity to the gums of the lower jaw. They pass through openings in the lower jaw bone and branch onto the gum of the lower jaw.

Anatomy of the gingival branches of the mandibular

The gingival branches of the mandibular are branches of the mandibular nerve (nervus mandibularis), which is one of the branches of the trigeminal nerve (trigeminus). The mandibular nerve exits the cranial cavity through an opening at the base of the skull and passes through the lower jaw bone.

The mandibular gingival branches branch onto the gum of the mandible and provide sensitivity to the anterior and lateral surfaces of the gum of the mandible. In addition, they provide sensitivity to some teeth in the lower jaw, namely premolars and molars.

Functions of the gingival branches of the mandibular

The gingival branches of the mandibular play an important role in maintaining the health of teeth and gums. They provide sensitivity to the gums, allowing us to be aware of the pain and discomfort associated with gum diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis.

In addition, the mandibular gingival rami play a role in the response to pain. If the gums become damaged or inflamed, the nerve endings in the gums transmit pain signals to the brain. This allows the body to quickly respond to problems with teeth and gums.

Conclusion

The gingival branches of the mandibular are important nerve branches that provide sensitivity to the gums of the lower jaw. They play an important role in maintaining healthy teeth and gums and in responding to pain and discomfort associated with gum disease. Understanding the anatomy and function of the mandibular gingival branches will help you better understand and treat dental and gum problems more effectively.

The gingival branch, the mandibular branch, is part of the anterior section of the lower alveolar canal and occupies a very specific position in it, since it anastomoses with the periosteal branches of the teeth of the lower jaw. In the anterior part of the alveolar branch there is about half the length of the branch. In half it has an oblique direction and in the next half it reaches the upper and inner surface of the branch. From here it passes into the inner surface of the body of the lower jaw, turns in a horizontal direction (inward) and bends upward, located behind the anterior Shishkovsky-Shimke cell. Then, in a horizontal position, it reaches the second upper molar and exits from its lateral surfaces. Here it takes a more linear direction, passing along the lateral surface of the branch of the zygomatic bone to the angle of the lower jaw and exiting from its outer surface laterally. Upon exiting the fissure of the inferior alveolar edge, it pierces the angular ligament together with the lateral pterygoid branch and passes towards the tubercle. Then it descends to the front surface of the body. The next outpouring of it under the skin occurs on the lateral rectus muscle. With its help, the latter bends the skin from the base of the nose outward, and the gum and skin form a roller-like fold, fixed at the very corner of the jaw by means of the internal pterygoid muscle. The branches extend from the mandbular trunks of the alveolar arch to: - the back of the lower lip (branch to the anterior dental canal), - the lower part of the face, the inner and outer sides of the alveolar branch. They are located as follows: the distal part of the labial branches is medial to the lingual branch. The medial part of the labial process is laterophilic than the lingual. The same labial branches form the pterygoperiosteal air canals that communicate with the nasal cavity. Muscle functions: Vasomotor function. Innervation: Motor branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve (VII pair) of the hypoglossal nerve (X pair). Motor branches of the mandibular nerve (V3) of the bilateral trigeminal nerve (V).