Haemagglutination

Hemagglutination is the process by which red blood cells stick to each other or to other cells. This process occurs due to the presence of special proteins - antigens - on the surface of red blood cells. These proteins can be recognized by antibodies that are produced in the human body.

Hemagglutination can be caused by various factors such as viruses, bacteria, allergens and other substances. For example, when the body is infected with the influenza virus, special proteins are formed on the surface of its cells - hemagglutinins, which can bind to antibodies on the surface of red blood cells. This leads to the fact that red blood cells begin to stick together and form large aggregates.

In addition, hemagglutination can be used as a diagnostic method to determine the presence of antibodies in the blood. For example, if the body is infected with the hepatitis virus, hemagglutinins are also formed on the surface of its cells, which can be detected using special tests.

Thus, hemagagglutination is an important process in the human body, which plays an important role in protecting against infections and determining the presence of antibodies in the blood.

Hemagglutination is the process of gluing red blood cells together. The process of hemagglutination occurs under the influence of the external environment. The reaction is characteristic of some viruses found in human blood. Hemaglutinate also cellular venom of bees and wasps.

**Erythrocytes** are red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. When a red blood cell comes into contact with other red blood cells, it sticks together using special proteins called adhesive glycoproteins. This process is called red blood cell adhesion and is an important component of the circulatory process.

However, sometimes red blood cells can stick together not only during normal functioning of the body, but also during various diseases or when exposed to other factors. This can lead to circulatory problems and other serious illnesses.

The reaction during hemagglutination is observed in the presence of erythrocyte and leukocyte agglutinogens and the presence of reagents (alkaline substances) that can activate agglutinins. A specific form of aggregation (sticking together) of erythrocytes plays an important role in primary phagocytosis (capture of microorganisms by the cell). When an animal develops cardiovascular failure, hematuria appears (admixture of red blood cells in the urine). People may also experience some hidden form of hematostia - retraction of urinary sediment, characterized by an increase in the content of red blood cells, which is observed in practically healthy people after physical exercise, during hypothermia, i.e. activation of serological systems and due to this. But we must keep in mind that these same factors can be the main ones in the occurrence of diseases of the genitourinary system. In this condition, blood clotting increases and platelets come closer to each other. Such compounds include proteins, they are called fibrinoges or simply 'fibrigens'. Their function is to stop bleeding and a thrombus is formed, which is a clot in a blood vessel. Other blood elements such as red blood cells and thrombosis also play an important role in the formation of blood clots.