Hemiarthrosis

Hemiarthorosis is a term derived from two words: the Greek “hemi” - semi- and the Latin “arthrosis” - joint arthrosis.

Translated, it means semi-atrophic arthrosis of the joint. What does it mean? It occurs as a result of isolated damage to the cartilage of one of the joints, mainly during extension or compression of the joint. The hip joint of the right lower limb is most often affected. The diagnosis is facilitated by pain; lameness can be observed at the onset of the disease. As the disease progresses, the pain gradually decreases, and supination and pronation in the shoulder joint are less pronounced.

Hemiarthritis, or hemiarthrasia, is a disorder of the structure of the articular surface that occurs when the cartilage and other elements of the knee or hip joint are destroyed. This disease is typical for athletes involved in contact sports (volleyball, basketball, wrestling) or performing complex movements with sudden changes in the position of the human body (dancing, acrobatics). Joints can also become affected as a result of previous infections or aging. Main reasons:

- traumatic damage to bones, joints or surrounding tissues; - diseases that cause weakened immunity: connective tissue dysplasia, genetic predisposition, heredity.

Without treatment, this process gradually progresses. Over time, the joint space shrinks, osteophytes (spurs) appear, which aggravate the process, dystrophic changes in the synovial membrane occur, causing chronic arthritis. Diagnostic criteria: joint pain, absence of inflammation according to ultrasound and general blood test. For diagnosis, instrumental research is used - MRI and determination of chondroitin and glucose levels

**Hemiarthrosis** is a series of hereditary diseases leading to the gradual, steady destruction of the cartilaginous structures of the joint and loss of their elasticity, and consequently to the loss of joint function. Previously, hemiarthrosis was called process syndrome or deforming osteoarthritis disease with a favorable prognosis.

Hemiartosis most often appears in people around 45 years of age and is usually a unilateral lesion. Bilateral hemiartosis is much less common. The signs of hemiartosis are similar to the symptoms of degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the joints, including Hoffa's disease, vertebral osteochondrosis, osteoarthritis, flat feet, and crepitus of the joints. Treatment of arthrosis is carried out by surgeons and traumatologists with the involvement of specialists in anatomy, orthopedist and rheumatologist in all stages of the disease. The essence of conservative therapy is to perform traction and restore the damaged osseous-ligamentous apparatus