Kokk

Introduction

Cocci are gram-positive, round or oval, often branching bacteria that are usually part of the body's normal flora. They can be found in air, soil, water and on many surfaces in nature. Cocci include species that are of great importance to humans and the environment, including pathogens that cause infectious diseases as well as beneficial microorganisms. This article explains what cocci are, what species they include, and how they are used medically and industrially.

General information about cocci

Cocci are a whole group of bacteria, consisting of separate groups described below. Gram positive means they stain with carbolfuchsin but do not stain with neutral red when stained. This is a sphere with a mass of bacteria. Mostly bacteria are mobile. The shape can be varied - from a ball to an ellipse. The shape of the bacterium is the result of the movement of flagella, present in numbers from 2 to 15 per cell. Beta-hemolytic - capable of lysing (destroying, destroying) other bacteria (beta-hemolytic streptococcus, staphylococci, gonococci). Streptococci (green, red, blue) are alpha hemolytic. They cause skin infections. Cocci are the main causative agents of infections of the oral cavity, nasopharynx, ear and other organs. Streptococcal ear infection is called "acute suppurative otitis media." Non-hemolytic are the main causative agents of wound infections. They do not have capsules, but can exist as L-forms on nutrient media without the addition of growth factor.