Liver

The liver is the largest gland in the human body. Its weight usually reaches 1200-1600 grams, and it is located in the right hypochondrium, divided by grooves into four lobes: right, left, quadrate and caudate. The liver is connected to the diaphragm and the walls of the abdominal cavity by five ligaments.

The liver plays many important roles in the body. It is a metabolic center where the most important processes of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism take place. The liver regulates blood sugar by converting excess glucose into glycogen. Fat accumulation and metabolism also occurs in the liver.

One of the most important functions of the liver is the production of bile, which then enters the gallbladder and helps digest fatty foods. In addition, the liver synthesizes fibrinogen and prothrombin, the main substances that influence the blood clotting process, as well as the anticoagulant heparin.

The liver synthesizes vitamins A, B12, D and K, which accumulate in it and play an important role in metabolism. The liver is also the site of formation of plasma proteins.

The liver plays an important role in the process of neutralizing toxic substances and removing damaged red blood cells, as well as other substances undesirable for the body. For example, excess estrogen hormone in men is usually removed from the body by the liver.

The fetal liver produces red blood cells, and the adult liver is where most blood proteins are produced.

However, the liver can also be affected by various diseases, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, amoebiasis, unilocular echinococcosis and hepatoma. Therefore, it is important to take care of your health and consult a doctor at the first sign of possible liver problems.

In conclusion, the liver is one of the most important organs in the human body, performing many vital functions. Liver health is important to the overall health of the body and therefore you should take care of it and take steps to protect it.

Liver: anatomy, functions, diseases

The liver occupies a central place in the human body, performing many vital functions and often becoming a victim of various diseases. Located in the upper right corner of the abdominal cavity, it is the largest gland in the human body. Its weight ranges from 1 to 1.5 kg. In appearance, the liver resembles a red and slightly wavy organ, resembling a not entirely flat kidney. liver anatomy

There are several important structures in the structure of the organ. * The outer lining of the liver is called fibrous and consists of dense connective tissue. On the upper side of the organ its thickness is 2 mm, and on the lower side it is from 4 to 6 mm. Bile ducts and blood vessels pass through the fibrous membrane. * The middle layer is also connective tissue. There are not many blood vessels in its structure, but there is an abundance of bile ducts. Carbohydrate metabolism and erythropoiesis are the main functions of the liver. Impaired functioning of liver cells leads to the development of various diseases. * Functional liver tissue is also commonly called parenchyma. This tissue plays a leading role in the formation of enzymes and hormones, the metabolism of substances with the help of liver enzymes, harmful metabolic products of the blood are neutralized. It is in this organ that three important enzymes are synthesized that provide a person with the ability to function normally: allomin, insulin, ATP cofactors. With any disturbances in liver activity, severe damage to liver function develops. The functioning of the human liver is a continuous process that requires a lot of attention. Among the most important metabolic processes are the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Hepatocytes produce glucose, which is necessary for the functioning of all vital organs and systems. In the absence of the pancreas, this process takes on a pathological character. Biosynthesis of hemin pigs