Лопатка

The shoulder blade (Scapula, Pl. Scapulas, or Scapulae) is one of the key bones of the human shoulder girdle. It is located on the back of the torso and serves as a support for the arms, and is also an attachment point for many muscles. In this article we will look at the structure, function and diseases associated with the scapula.

Blade structure

The scapula is triangular in shape and consists of several parts, including the spine, acromion process, and coracoid process. The spine of the scapula is the most visible part of it and is located on the back surface of the bone. It ends at the acromion process, which connects to the collarbone to form the acromioclavicular joint. This allows the shoulder blade to move freely as you move your arm.

The coracoid process of the scapula is located under the acromion process and has the shape of a hook. It serves as an attachment point for many muscles, including the biceps brachii and coracoideus. The process also serves as an attachment point for the ligaments that connect the scapula to the collarbone and sternum.

Functions of the scapula

The shoulder blade performs several important functions in the human body. It provides support for the arms, allows movement of the shoulder joint, and serves as an attachment point for many muscles. Additionally, the scapula plays an important role in maintaining proper posture and preventing neck and back pain.

Diseases of the scapula

The shoulder blade can become subject to various diseases and injuries. One of the most common diseases is unstable scapula syndrome, which is characterized by excessive mobility of the scapula in the shoulder joint. This can lead to pain and discomfort in the shoulder and back.

Scapula injuries can also be serious and include fractures, sprains, or ligament damage. Treatment depends on the type of injury or illness and may include a cast, physical therapy, massage, and sometimes surgery.

In conclusion, the scapula is an important bone in the shoulder girdle that plays an important role in maintaining proper posture, arm movement, and anchoring many muscles. It can also be subject to various diseases and injuries, so it is important to seek medical attention for any symptoms of pain or discomfort in the shoulder blade area.

The shoulder blade (Scapula, Pl. Scapulas, or Scapulae) is one of the bones of the shoulder girdle, which connects the arms to the torso. It is triangular in shape and located on the back of the chest, between the second and seventh ribs.

On the dorsal (posterior) surface of the scapula there is a spine of the scapula, which ends in the acromion process. This process connects to the collarbone to form the acromioclavicular joint, which is important for maintaining stability of the shoulder girdle. The acromion process also overhangs the glenoid fossa, into which the head of the humerus enters and forms the shoulder joint.

The upper part of the scapula passes into the coracoid process (coracoid process), which is also of great importance for the stability of the shoulder girdle. Ligaments and muscles that are involved in the movement of the arm extend from the coracoid process.

The scapula contains many muscles that attach to it and are involved in the movement of the arm and shoulder girdle. Some of these muscles include the teres major and minor, the levator scapulae and sternocleidomastoid, the serratus anterior and posterior, and the muscles responsible for raising and lowering the shoulder (trapezius and deltoid).

The scapula is also the site of origin for several important muscles, including the scapulohumeral muscle (supraspinatus) and the infraspinatus muscle.

Overall, the scapula plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the shoulder girdle and is involved in many movements of the arm. Therefore, knowledge of its anatomy and function is important for understanding the function of the shoulder girdle and for treating injuries and diseases associated with this area of ​​the body.

The shoulder blade (scapula) is a triangular bone that is located in the shoulder girdle. It has a spine, which is located on its dorsal surface. The acromion process, which ends at the spine, articulates with the clavicular bone to form the acromioclavicular joint. The upper edge of the scapula passes to the coracoid process, where there is a deep notch to which the ligaments and muscles responsible for the movement of the arm are attached. The scapular muscles are an important element of the shoulder girdle and are involved in various movements such as abduction, adduction, and rotation of the arm.