Malonil-Coa

Malonyl-coA - see MalonylcoenzymoA, synonym: MALONIL-COA L-MALONIUM ACOXIC ACETATE, MC-L MONODESOXACEUSNOOXYCHOLINEDIOXYGELLANATE, MDL small number MLONILK-, lat. malonyl coA, mlonyl couxcetate, is an organic compound derived from pyruvic acid, formed by the decarboxylation of acids containing an α-amino group (for example, alanine, valine, lysine), α-keto acids (for example, pyruvate), as well as by the phosphorylation of oxaloacetate. Forms a complex with malate seed transferase (futhalonin-coAsynthetase) and covalently binds to TPP (thia-phosphatidic acid transketolase) - transfers acyl residues formed during the conversion of these compounds. Thus, it can serve as a substrate for reactions of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and promote the reduction of acetyl-coA to isocitrate, or succinate. In protein synthesis reactions, it is part of the transport form and is necessary for the activation of leucine formed at this stage. Together with glutathione, it plays an important role in the oxidative deamination of amino acids. Malonyl-K also plays a large role in the mechanism of cellular respiration, although only a small part of this coenzyme is used there (only one oxygen molecule). Together with carboxykinase activity, it participates in carbohydrate metabolism (in the Hepper, Leuk cycles, etc.). May participate in ATP synthesis (participates in glycolysis). Malonil-coc plays an important regulatory role. It is a coenzyme of key enzymes for the synthesis of certain amino acids (leucine, serine, threonine, tryptophan), B vitamins (active center of thiamine synthetase, β-alanine aminotransferase, tetrahydrofoic acid, etc.), enzymes of the citric acid cycle (succinate dehydrogenase), ketogenic synthesis (acylase fatty acids in mitochondria). Deamidation and decarboxylation of cyclic amines (including cadaverine, cadazeine) occurs with the participation of this enzyme (niacin oxidase or cytochrome DD). When prolidinol is decarboxidated in the presence of Mg2+ or Ca2+, malonyl-coA appears (a substrate for biotin biosynthesis, which, with the participation of glutamate decarboxylase, converts glutamate into glutamine, which ensures the exchange transport of amino groups), which makes it possible to use this factor as a reagent for the detection of vitamin B3 (PP - nicotinic acid). On the other hand, decarboxylase can be used