Local subthreshold potential, also known as local subthreshold potentials, is an important component of cerebrovascular pathology and is considered one of the causes of ischemic stroke. With the ability to cause neuronal death and atrophy of nerve tissue, this process also contributes to the deterioration of cognitive functions, including memory, language and attention. The article discusses the biological features of the local subthreshold potential, its functions and mechanisms in the human brain, as well as the connection between the local subthreshold potential and cerebrovascular diseases. The main theories of the formation of local subthreshold potential and clinical data confirming its pathophysiological aspects are described. Particular attention is paid to the role of local subthreshold potential in the development of cognitive impairment in cerebral strokes. In addition, risk factors for the development of cerebral pathology and the most effective methods for its prevention are described. Description of the mechanisms of influence of local subthreshold potential on cerebral function, as well as the role of local cerebral mechanisms for the formation of symptoms in