Myelitis Syphilitic

Syphilitic myelitis: features, symptoms and treatment

Syphilitic myelitis, also known as myelitis secondary to syphilis, is a rare and serious complication of syphilis, an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. This inflammatory disease of the spinal cord can occur at any stage of syphilis, but most often develops at the secondary stage.

The mechanism of development of syphilitic myelitis is associated with the penetration of Treponema pallidum into the nervous system through the blood or lymph. Bacteria can cause inflammation and damage to the spinal cord, leading to neurological symptoms and disruption of functions controlled by the spinal nerves.

The main symptoms of syphilitic myelitis are:

1. Spinal pain: The pain may be acute or chronic and may be aggravated by movement or touch.
2. Muscle weakness: Patients may experience weakness in the legs or arms, making it difficult to move and perform normal tasks.
3. Sensation loss: There may be a loss of sensation in certain areas of the body, which can lead to numbness or paralysis.
4. Sexual and urinary disorders: Syphilitic myelitis can cause erection problems and loss of bladder and bowel control.

The diagnosis of myelitis syphilitica includes the patient's medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scan. Confirmation of the diagnosis is achieved by detection of antibodies against Treponema pallidum in the blood or spinal cord fluid.

Treatment for syphilitic myelitis includes antibiotic therapy to kill Treponema pallidum bacteria. Penicillin drugs are often used over a period of time. If you are allergic to penicillin, alternative antibiotics such as doxycycline or azithromycin may be used. It is important to start treatment as early as possible to prevent progression of the disease and reduce the risk of complications.

In addition to antibiotics, symptomatic treatment may be needed to relieve pain, improve muscle function, and manage other associated symptoms. Physical therapy and rehabilitation may be helpful to restore motor skills and muscle function.

In conclusion, syphilitic myelitis is a serious complication of syphilis that can lead to neurological symptoms and spinal cord dysfunction. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment are key aspects in controlling this condition. If you suspect syphilitic myelitis or any other symptoms of syphilis, it is important to see a doctor for appropriate testing and appropriate treatment.