Necrotizing Myelitis: Dangerous Disease of the Central Nervous System
Necrotizing myelitis, also known as myelitis with necrosis, is a serious disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is characterized by inflammation and necrosis of the spinal cord. This is a rare disease that has serious consequences for the patient's health and can lead to deterioration of motor, sensory and autonomic functions of the body.
Necrotizing myelitis is often caused by viral infections such as herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus and others. The inflammation caused by these viruses leads to damage to the medulla and spinal cells, ultimately leading to necrosis.
One of the main symptoms of necrotizing myelitis is the gradual development of symptoms of insufficiency of spinal functions. Patients may experience weakness and paralysis of the limbs, sensory changes, problems with urination and bowel movements, and autonomic nervous system disturbances such as changes in blood pressure and heart rate.
The diagnosis of necrotizing myelitis includes clinical studies, examination of the central nervous system, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid examination. Signs of spinal cord necrosis may be visible on MRI, and examination of the cerebrospinal fluid may reveal increased protein and cells.
Treatment of necrotizing myelitis is aimed at reducing inflammation, preventing further destruction of the spinal cord and maintaining central nervous system function. Complex therapy is usually carried out, including the use of immunomodulatory drugs and antiviral agents, physical therapy and rehabilitation. In some cases, surgery may be required to relieve spinal cord compression.
The prognosis for patients with necrotizing myelitis depends on the degree of spinal cord damage and the timeliness of treatment. In some cases, complete or partial restoration of central nervous system functions is possible, but in most cases complications and disorders remain.
Since necrotizing myelitis is a rare disease, its prevention has no clear recommendations. However, preventing viral infections, such as herpes and chickenpox vaccinations, may help reduce the risk of developing necrotizing myelitis in some people.
In conclusion, necrotizing myelitis is a serious disease of the central nervous system that leads to inflammation and necrosis of the spinal cord. It is often caused by viral infections and has serious consequences for body functions. Diagnosis is based on clinical studies, and treatment is aimed at reducing inflammation and maintaining central nervous system function. The prognosis depends on the degree of damage and timely treatment. More research and development of new treatments are needed to more effectively combat this rare disease.