The longissimus muscle (lat. Musculus longissimus) is one of the back muscles, located on the upper surface of the body through the middle part of the longissimus dorsi muscle. The longest of the two-membered spinal muscles. It is a component of the posterior muscle group of the trunk. It affects the ribs, changes the position of the entire body, which makes it possible to tilt the spine to the side, forward, and backward when moving.