Muscle Supracranial Superficial

The superficial supracranius muscle (m. epicranius superficialis) is a paired flat muscle of the head, located in the skin of the frontal and parietal regions. Consists of two parts: the frontal tendon (gaster frontalis) and the occipital tendon (gaster occipitalis).

The frontal tendon originates from the skin of the forehead, the brow ridges and the frontal processes of the frontal bone. The fibers are directed posteriorly and upward, passing into the transversely located nuchal tendon.

The nuchal tendon arises from the lateral parts of the temporal fascia and the tendon helmet. The fibers run anteriorly and outward, connecting to the frontal tendon.

The functions of the supracranial muscle are: raising the eyebrows and wrinkling the forehead (frontal tendon), lowering and pulling back the skin of the parietal region (nuchal tendon). Innervation is carried out by branches of the facial nerve.

The muscles of the supracranial region are a rather complex formation, since two deep and massive muscles from the m group. musculus facialis - m. epicranii dorsalis and m epicranii medii are, as a rule, poorly developed, therefore, they can sometimes be accompanied by callous folds (furrows). At the same time, muscle mass in this area decreases, which makes the division of muscles into superficial and deep very arbitrary (i.e., some muscles can move from one group to another). This article will focus only on superficial muscles. They are located directly under the skin above the skin-grabbing muscle line, are not covered with hair and have a single or multicomponent structure.

**The muscle that strains the skin of the forehead (m. corrugator supercilii)** is a branch of the small epicranial nerve.

When contracted, it forms transverse and longitudinal folds of skin on the forehead, thereby helping to close the eye slits. With unilateral contraction, the muscle brings the eyebrows together. Innervated by the greater or lesser petrosal nerve. Function - contraction of the frontal muscles

The epicranial muscle of the superficial layer is a muscle of the head that is located between the skin and the skull. It is an important component of the movable system, providing movement of the muscles of the head and face.

The role of the superficial supracranial muscle The superficial supracranial muscle has several roles:

Maintaining head position. Bending the head upward. Clenching of the jaws. Moving the lower jaw forward. Gives movement to the head and neck.

For example, when lowering the chin, the muscle works together with the trapezius muscle and the lateral part of the biceps muscle to help lower the head. The epicranial muscles are also involved in lowering the supracranial hair and help ensure that the sebaceous glands are properly directed.

Mode of action of the supracranial muscle When the muscle is active, it engages three muscles: the lateral, medial and frontal parts. The weakest are the middle and frontal parts, but the strongest is the side part. Additionally, the side surrounding the head of the eyebrow is the most tense part of the muscle. The supramillary arteries pass through this part of the muscle. Function of the epicranial muscle surface

Tilt of the Head in Two Planes, Forward up down Up down back abduction lifting the chin 5 lowering the toe stopping the epicranial part moving the movement backwards Abduction of the head of the chin rotation to the left separating the lips from each other pulling the corner of the mouth corner of the mouth forward