Nerve Ending

A nerve ending is the end of one of the branches of a nerve fiber, forming a synapse, either in contact with a muscle fiber and a neuromuscular junction or with a gland at a neuroglandular junction.

Nerve endings are an important part of the nervous system, since it is through them that nerve impulses are transmitted from nerve fibers to organs and tissues. There are several types of nerve endings:

1. Free nerve endings - located in the skin, mucous membranes, connective tissue and transmit information about pain, temperature, pressure.

2. Neuromuscular endings - ensure the transmission of nerve impulses from motor neurons to muscle fibers, causing their contraction.

3. Neuroglandular endings - stimulate the secretory activity of the glands, causing the release of hormones and other biologically active substances.

4. Synaptic endings - carry out the transmission of nerve impulses between neurons.

Thus, thanks to the nerve endings, the nervous system interacts with other organs and tissues, ensuring their normal functioning. Damage to nerve endings can impair sensation, movement, or function of internal organs.

The nerve ending, or the end of one of the terminal branches of the nerve fiber, is the zone of contact of the excitatory or inhibitory formations of the nerve terminal with the receptive formations of another neuron or muscle fiber. At synapses, nerve endings also lie in close proximity to the neuroplasm of the neuron itself (axon and dendrite), i.e. actually coming into contact with it. There are presynaptic and postsynaptic nerve endings. Based on the type of nervous tissue, motor, sensory, autonomic and secretory nerve endings are distinguished, and based on function - excitatory and inhibitory.

**Nerve endings:**

1. Function: excitation occurs only when the excitation process is combined with the inhibition process. In the area of ​​the body of the body, corresponding to the conclusion during contraction of the vermiform appendices, a thickening has formed inside the appendix. An intensive metabolism develops inside this thickening. The most active development is the application of active devices: collagen, elastic and muscular substances. Bulk tissue slows down muscle contraction, increases muscle mass, which reduces the effect of neuromuscular influence. Function: braking. Inhibition appears when excitation is difficult, i.e. when in the surrounding excitable tissues either excitation fibers shift nerve impulses towards irritation, or excitation is delayed along the way. For example, with some human movements performed simultaneously with both hands, areas of inhibition are formed, which either completely cover the back surface of the back, or alternate with areas of excitation. Thanks to this, rhythmic, monotonous, tiresome actions can be interrupted by the cessation of the movement impulse.

Nerve Ending is the end of one of the branches of the nerve fiber. It forms a synapse, which is the point of contact between the neuron and other cells, such as muscle fibers or glands.

The nerve ending consists of several parts. First, there is the axon hillock, which is the area where the processes of neurons connect to the dendrites of other neurons. The axon hillock contains many microtubules that mediate signal transmission between neurons.

Secondly, there is a synaptic cleft, which is the space between the end of a neuron and the neighboring cell. This cleft contains synaptic vesicles containing neurotransmitter molecules. When a neuron transmits a signal, synaptic vesicles fuse with the cell membrane of the neighboring cell, releasing neurotransmitters.

Finally, there are receptors on the surface of the neighboring cell. These receptors recognize neurotransmitter molecules and transmit signals into the cell. Thus, the nerve ending ensures the transfer of information between neurons and other cells.

Nerve endings are important to the nervous system. It allows information to be transferred between neurons, ensuring coordination of movements and reactions to external stimuli. In addition, the nerve ending plays an important role in regulating the functions of various organs and systems of the body.

Overall, the nerve terminal is an important element of the nervous system and plays a key role in transmitting information between neurons and other cells in the body.