Neurogenesis

Neurogenesis is the process of formation of new nerve cells in the brain. This process plays an important role in the development of the nervous system and its functioning. Neurogenesis occurs in two areas of the brain: the hippocampus and the neocortex.

In the hippocampus, new cells are formed as a result of stem cell division. In the neocortex, new cells appear as a result of the migration of old cells. The process of neurogenesis is regulated by several factors such as hormones, neurotransmitters and genes. For example, growth hormones and insulin stimulate the formation of new cells.

Additionally, neurogenesis may be associated with various diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In these cases, the number of new cells decreases and their functions are impaired.

Thus, neurogenesis is an important process in the development of the nervous system and may be associated with a number of diseases. Studying this process can help in the development of new methods for treating and preventing diseases of the nervous system.