Orthopedic Devices, Prostheses

Special devices for restoring, facilitating the lost or weakened function of the organs of movement, as well as for correcting defects of these organs. They are used for various diseases of the organs of support and movement and for complications after injuries to the musculoskeletal system. Prescribes O. a. orthopedist or traumatologist. Training in the use of the device is also carried out under his supervision.

There are a variety of O. intended for various purposes. Thus, semi-rigid or rigid devices, modeled according to the shape of a given area of ​​the body, in working condition tightly covering the limb or torso, take on part of the load falling on the osteoarticular apparatus - the so-called. fixing devices, or splints. Most corsets for the treatment of spinal diseases belong to this type of O. Prostheses that fill missing parts of the lower limb allow one to restore support when walking, and prostheses of the upper limb restore its shape and sometimes function. Unloading devices take on part of the body weight, which should test the bone formations above the painful focus. To prevent or correct deformities of the limb or spine, corrective (corrective) O. are prescribed. Such O. are equipped with elastic (rubber or spring) rods for slow and constant correction of deformation.

The main part of the O. is a leather or plastic sleeve covering the limb or part of it. The sleeves in one device can be connected to each other by metal plates with or without hinges at the joint level. With an articulated joint, movements are possible in the joint, for example, in the knee, in the apparatus for the thigh and lower leg. The movement in the hinge can be turned off using a lock.

O. are manufactured and repaired using special prosthetic and orthopedic equipment. enterprises. When using O., abrasions, sores, and bedsores on the skin are possible, which must be eliminated in time. In some cases, these complications arise due to inaccurate fitting of the O.

To prevent abrasions on the leg, wear a stocking or underpants under the device. O.'s use in growing children requires much more frequent replacement of the device than in adults. It should be remembered that wearing O. leads to atrophy of the muscles under the device. Therefore, self-massage and treatment are carried out daily before use and after removing the device. gymnastics These procedures should be carried out by parents of children using O.

O.'s care consists of lubricating the hinges, protecting the leather parts from getting wet, and timely replacing the worn-out apparatus.