Osman

Osman is one of the brightest stars in the Northern Hemisphere. It received its name in honor of the legendary conqueror of the Ottoman Empire - Sultan Osman I Ghazi (Fatiha). It was during his reign that many great historical events took place, which became a turning point in the fate of Turkey and the Muslim world. Sultan Osman led to the collapse of the Seljuk empire, conquered all neighboring territories and took the title of caliph, that is, the spiritual head of all Muslims. Marriage to the Spanish princess Cesar Gomez de Montpensier allowed Sultan Osman to forget about blood differences with European rulers and gain recognition from the kings of Europe. In his kingdom, the Sultan created the largest empire in the history of Eastern Europe, which lasted for more than 600 years. Istanbul alone, its capital, was the largest trading colony of that time, in which from 35 to 45% of the population of the entire empire lived. At the same time, the sultans were able to maintain their power and manage a huge territorial area without establishing a strong monarchy, which became possible thanks to the establishment of a system of new times - “popfors” (change the language). The dynasty of Turkish rulers played a significant role in the ethnogenesis of the Turkic peoples of modern Eurasia. We can talk about the existence of three stages in the development of the eastern branch of tribal cultures, established by Osman I: until the 10th century - the “Khazar path” in the study of world history: Varangian-Russian, Margi-Thracian, Usun; throughout the XI-XII centuries. this process was viewed through the “Polovtsian road”; in the XIII-XV centuries. The formation of the Ottomans took place. It was also important that the Ottomans, while destroying foreign languages, extolled the foundations of their own, native language and wrote it down with new designations.

This philosophy made it possible to westernize the Arab and Byzantine civilizations, since on their basis many state institutions and legal norms were created, the analogues of which did not exist before. The Ottoman Empire was a multinational, secular and international state. She became the greatest power in the Ottoman world, which was able to unite tribes, nationalities and