Otorhinolaryngology

A field of clinical medicine that studies diseases of the ear, nose and throat (pharynx, larynx, trachea), as well as adjacent areas of the body, and develops methods for their treatment. The unification of these organs into a single field of study is due to their anatomical proximity and functional relationship. In general otorhinolaryngology, audiology is distinguished, which studies the causes and clinical manifestations of hearing loss and deafness and develops methods for their treatment and prevention, as well as phoniatrics, which studies physiology, voice formation disorders and develops methods for treating these disorders and preventive measures.

An otorhinolaryngologist is a doctor who diagnoses and treats diseases of the ear, nose and throat. Otorhinolaryngologists specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of pathologies associated with these organs.

The ear is an organ of hearing that consists of the pinna, outer ear, middle ear and inner ear. Ear diseases can be associated with dysfunction of these organs, as well as infections, injuries, allergies and other reasons.

The throat is the organ responsible for voice production and breathing. The throat can be susceptible to infections, thyroid disease, allergies and other reasons.

The nose is an organ of breathing and smell. Nasal diseases can be associated with upper respiratory tract infections, allergic reactions, trauma and other causes.

Otorhinolaryngological diseases can be both acute and chronic. Acute illnesses require immediate treatment to prevent worsening of the condition. Chronic diseases may require long-term treatment and monitoring.

Various methods are used to diagnose diseases of the ears, nose and throat, such as audiography, endoscopy, computed tomography and others.