Paraganglioma of the Middle Ear

Middle ear paragangliomas are rare tumors composed of sympathoblasts or glomus. They arise in the structure of the eardrum or nearby soft tissues. The exact cause of paragangliomas is not yet clear, but it may be related to environmental factors, genetic predisposition, and fetal growth and development. In particular, risk factors that influence the likelihood of developing the disease include increased hormone levels or trauma during pregnancy. Paraganglia of the middle ear can develop at a younger age, up to twenty years.

Signs of middle ear paraganglion include ear discomfort, noise, hearing loss, and mild pain. Symptoms usually begin unnoticed and gradually get worse over time. The presence of paraganglia in the head can cause headaches, changes in blood pressure or body temperature. Diagnostic testing done by a doctor may include a transcutaneous CT scan or ultrasound. Treatment for paraganglia involves surgical removal of the tumor, however, in some cases additional treatments are required.