Pericardial Cavity

The pericardial cavity (cavum pericardii, pna, bna, jna; synonym pericardial cavity) is a narrow slit-like cavity between the layers of the visceral and parietal pericardium. It contains a small amount of serous fluid, which lubricates the surface of the pericardium and reduces friction during cardiac movements.

The pericardial cavity is lined with mesothelium and is closed, that is, it does not communicate with any of the cavities of the body. The volume of the pericardial cavity is normally about 20-50 ml. An increase in the volume of fluid in this cavity can lead to compression of the heart and disruption of its contractility.

The pericardial cavity plays an important role in the normal functioning of the heart, ensuring its mobility in the chest and protecting it from excessive distension.

The pericardial cavity (pericardial cavity, cavum pericardi) is the space located between the outer surface of the heart and its inner lining - the pericardium. The pericardium is a thin connective tissue membrane that covers the heart on all sides. The pericardial cavity is filled with a small amount of serous fluid, which acts as a lubricant and protects the heart from mechanical damage.

The pericardial cavity is an important anatomical structure as it plays an important role in the functioning of the heart. In particular, the pericardial sac provides protection to the heart from external influences such as strokes, concussions, and other injuries. In addition, the pericardial cavities ensure the correct direction of blood flow, as they facilitate the movement of blood through the veins and arteries.

Normally, the pericardial space may be slightly expanded due to the presence of a small amount of fluid, but with pathology, for example, with inflammation of the pericardium or other diseases, it can significantly increase in volume. This can lead to disruption of the normal functioning of the heart, as well as to the development of various complications such as pericarditis, heart failure, etc.

In addition, the pericardial cavity can be used as a diagnostic method for certain heart diseases. For example, echocardiography (ultrasound examination of the heart) can determine the size and condition of the pericardial cavity.

Thus, the pericardial cavity plays an important role in the functioning of the heart and can be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases of the cardiovascular system.