Pleurisy, or inflammation of the pleura, is one of the most common chest conditions and can have serious health consequences. In this article we will look at the features of paracostal pleurisy, which affects the area of the costal arches and ribs. Currently, paracostal pleurisy is a common disease in therapeutic and surgical practice. This is a localized lesion of the connective tissue located near the ribs, namely the subpleural, adhesive area associated with the formation of adhesions at the junction of the costal arch and the body. It can be caused by various factors and is manifested by acute or chronic pain, fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, damage to the lymph nodes in the upper chest and reflux of abdominal fluid. Treatment of this disease consists of both conservative methods and surgical intervention. Treatment of paracotal pleurisy is complex, requiring a combined approach including drug therapy, physical therapy and surgery if necessary.