Vertebra Sphenoid

Wedge-shaped vertebra: structure, functions and role in the body

The sphenoid vertebra, also known as a hemivertebra, is one of the key elements of the human skeletal system. It is located in the head and is part of the main bone of the skull, the sphenoid bone.

The structure of the sphenoid vertebra includes the body, wings and legs. The vertebral body has a wedge shape and is located between the eye sockets. Its wings are located towards the occipital part of the skull and serve to attach the temporal bone. The legs of the sphenoid vertebra are located towards the base of the skull and connect to the other bones of the skull.

The functions of the sphenoid vertebra in the human body include supporting the brain and protecting the eye sockets. In addition, this vertebra plays an important role in maintaining the shape of the skull and provides support for other bones of the head.

In case of injury or disease of the sphenoid vertebra, a number of problems may arise related to its functioning. Some of the most common problems include headaches, blurred vision, and problems with chewing and swallowing.

In addition, the sphenoid vertebra plays an important role in the diagnosis of a number of diseases associated with the head and neck. For example, it can be used to detect tumors, inflammatory processes and other pathologies.

In conclusion, the sphenoid vertebra is an important element of the human skeletal system, which performs many functions related to supporting the head, brain and eye sockets. If problems arise with this vertebra, you should consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

“Vertebra” is translated as “processes,” and the word “wedge-shaped” means that these are small processes of the vertebrae similar in shape to a wedge. It is also called wedge-shaped.

Even in ancient times and the Middle Ages, scientists knew that wedge-shaped vertebrae belonged to the cervical vertebrae (C1–C3); these terms were synonymous. However, they were subsequently classified as thoracic vertebrae: the thirteen main (lumbar) vertebrae in the cervical region became known as the “last cervical vertebrae” (T13). The thirteen thoracic vertebrae are called the last thoracic vertebrae (Th13), and from the 16th lumbar (L1) to the sacral (S5) the coccygeal vertebrae. Later authors spoke of five wedge-shaped vertebrae, considering them to be sternal. At the same time, in many images from the Middle Ages, between the neck and chest, it is not a group of thorns that is depicted, but the figure of a vertebra. But at present, the prevailing idea is that all four wedge-shaped vertebral bodies of the chest form a group of cervical vertebrae. And although recent studies indicate clear differences between the cervical and other thoracic bones in the elementary structure of the spine and the function of these elements, we are still talking about one specific group.

The wedge-shaped vertebra consists of a base with a dorsal wing, the body is thickened at the ends and looks like a bowl. The base of the sphenoid vertebra is relatively wide and has the shape of a quadrangle. The spine itself begins from here with a small, even protrusion in the transverse direction. The body is formed due to the bottom of the bowl, and its height is somewhat less than the base. Tendons are located behind the bodies.