Pyelonephritis

Title: Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis is an infectious inflammatory disease of the kidneys that affects the kidney tissue and pelvis.

Reasons for the development of pyelonephritis:

1. Ascending infection from the urinary tract with cystitis, urethritis.

2. Hematogenous spread of infection from other foci (tonsillitis, pneumonia, etc.).

3. Impaired outflow of urine from the kidneys due to urolithiasis, tumors, pregnancy.

4. Decreased immunity.

Symptoms of pyelonephritis:

1. Increased body temperature, chills, general malaise.

2. Pain in the lumbar region.

3. Frequent and painful urination.

4. Pyuria, proteinuria, hematuria.

5. Headache, nausea, vomiting in severe cases.

Diagnostics:

1. Analysis of urine.

2. Urine culture for flora and sensitivity to antibiotics.

3. Ultrasound of the kidneys.

4. X-ray contrast methods.

Treatment:

1. Bed rest, diet.

2. Antibacterial therapy.

3. Elimination of urine outflow disorders.

4. For chronic pyelonephritis - long-term treatment to prevent exacerbations.

Complications of pyelonephritis:

1. Pyonephrosis, kidney carbuncle.

2. Chronic renal failure.

3. Arterial hypertension.

Prevention:

1. Timely treatment of urinary tract infections.

2. Correction of urodynamic disorders.

3. Strengthening the immune system.

4. Clinical observation of survivors of pyelonephritis.

Pyelonephritis: causes, symptoms and treatment

Pyelonephritis is an inflammatory kidney disease that is usually caused by an infection spreading from the bladder. It is a serious medical condition and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. In this article we will look at the causes, symptoms and treatment methods of pyelonephritis.

Causes of pyelonephritis:
Pyelonephritis is usually caused by a bacterial infection that enters the kidneys through the urinary tract. The most common causative agent of pyelonephritis is the bacterium Escherichia coli, which usually inhabits the intestines. However, other bacteria can also cause this disease. Risk factors for the development of pyelonephritis include impaired urine flow, the presence of urolithiasis, decreased immunity, and bladder disorders.

Symptoms of pyelonephritis:
Patients with pyelonephritis may experience the following symptoms:

1. Pain in the lumbar region: the pain can be one-sided or both sides, it can be dull or sharp.
2. Frequent urination: Patients may feel a strong urge to go to the toilet constantly.
3. Pain when urinating: Urination may be accompanied by painful sensations.
4. Fever: An increase in body temperature may be a sign of infection.
5. Negative urine changes: Urine may contain blood, pus, or have an unusual odor.

Diagnosis and treatment of pyelonephritis:
To diagnose pyelonephritis, the doctor conducts a physical examination, collects anamnesis and prescribes a number of laboratory and instrumental tests. A urine test is usually done to determine if there is an infection and what type of infection it is. In addition, a kidney ultrasound or CT scan may be needed to evaluate the condition of the kidney tissue.

Treatment for pyelonephritis usually involves taking antibiotics to kill the bacterial infection. The doctor chooses an antibiotic based on the type of pathogen and sensitivity to it. Severe cases of pyelonephritis may require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics. In addition, it is recommended to drink enough fluids and remain calm.

In conclusion, pyelonephritis is a serious inflammatory kidney disease that is caused by a bacterial infection. Early diagnosis and treatment of pyelonephritis are key to preventing complications and maintaining kidney health. If you experience symptoms that indicate the possible presence of pyelonephritis, it is important to see a doctor for diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment.

The penetration of pathogenic microorganisms into the kidneys is called pyelonephritis. Infectious agents can cause kidney disease only when the body's defenses are reduced. At the same time, chronic renal failure, neoplasms of the genitourinary system, diabetes mellitus, decreased immunity, and pregnancy are risk factors for the development of infectious processes in the kidneys.